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NewSix System Design Problems, and the New Problem Each Fix Creates

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DevOps

Six System Design Problems, and the New Problem Each Fix Creates

Caching, read replicas, sharding, queues, WebSockets, retries, circuit breakers and CQRS each solve a real problem and hand you a new one. A practical map of the six problems every growing system meets, the usual fixes, and what each fix costs you.

|15 min read
DevOps

The No-Backend Backend: Neon Data API, RLS and 27 Attacks

A team task board with no server code: static React, Neon Auth, and the Neon Data API with row-level security as the only guard. A signed-in attacker tried 27 ways in. What held, the four mistakes that would have let her through, and the 15-minute gap.

|14 min read
DevOps

Deploy a Complete AI Incident Backend on One Neon Branch

Build and verify a disposable incident-search backend with Neon Auth, Object Storage, Functions, AI Gateway, and Lakebase Postgres—then remove the complete environment with one guarded command.

|16 min read
CI/CD

CI Passed 6 of 6 Migrations. A Neon Branch of Production Passed 1

How to test Postgres migrations before production: branch production on Neon in seconds, run each migration while an app keeps reading and writing, and gate on errors, failed queries, lock stalls and lost rows. The six migrations that passed on our fixture database failed five times on the branch.

|17 min read
DevOps

Your Semantic Cache Answers the Question Next Door

We put a semantic cache in front of an ops assistant on DigitalOcean Serverless Inference and replayed 288 hand-labelled questions through six embedding models. At the threshold that cut the bill by about 30 percent, about one hit in three was the answer to a different question. Someone asking how to undo a pushed commit got the instructions for an unpushed one.

|14 min read
Networking

Cloudflare Freed 100 TB of RAM From Its Hash Rings. Your Proxy May Have the Opposite Problem

Cloudflare got back 100 TB of RAM partly by cutting 90% of the points on its consistent hash rings. We measured the other end of the same curve: a million keys through nginx and HAProxy to 100 backends, and Envoy rebuilt from its source. The busiest server ranged from 1.05x to 2x its fair share, and the points per server explained most of it.

|16 min read

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